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The technique used to assess an external vendor's ability to provide a solution is the vendor assessment. This process involves evaluating potential vendors based on a variety of criteria, such as their experience, capabilities, financial stability, references, and alignment with the organization's needs and objectives. By conducting a vendor assessment, business analysts can determine whether a vendor can meet the requirements of a specific project or provide necessary services effectively.

Vendor assessments typically consist of reviewing proposals, conducting interviews, and performing due diligence to analyze the quality and reliability of the vendors' offerings. This technique helps organizations ensure that they partner with vendors that can successfully support their business needs and mitigate any potential risks associated with outsourcing.

The other techniques mentioned are used for different purposes. Decision analysis focuses on evaluating and comparing different options to make informed choices. Force field analysis is a method for identifying and understanding the forces that can influence a change initiative, analyzing what may help or hinder progress. Functional decomposition is a technique to break down a system into smaller, more manageable components, allowing for detailed understanding and analysis of each function, rather than assessing a vendor's capabilities.